Iodinated contrast media can cause damage to which organ?

• A. Kidneys
• B. Liver
• C. Lungs
• D. Heart

Answer: (A)

Iodinated contrast media can cause damage to the kidneys. The kidneys are responsible for filtering and excreting the contrast agent, so they are at risk for contrast-induced nephropathy. After administration, kidney injury may show up as a rise in creatinine within about 24 to 72 hours. Those at higher risk—such as people with preexisting kidney disease, dehydration, diabetes, or older adults—are more susceptible. The mechanism involves a combination of reduced renal blood flow due to vasoconstriction in the kidneys and direct tubular toxicity from the contrast material. Preventive steps include ensuring adequate hydration, using the lowest effective dose, and opting for contrast types with lower nephrotoxic potential when possible. While reactions to contrast can affect other systems in rare cases, the organ most commonly damaged by iodinated contrast is the kidneys.